From the legal perspective, Justice Collaborator (JC) is defined as a witness who is also a perpetrator of a crime and is willing to assist or cooperate with law enforcement authorities. Under the Supreme Court Circular Letter No. 4 of 2011, a witness-perpetrator may be designated as a JC by the Court if they meet the following requirements and criteria:
First, the Criteria for a Witness-Perpetrator
The witness-perpetrator must meet the following criteria:
(i) must be involved in a specific criminal offense,
(ii) admits their wrongdoing,
(iii) is not the main perpetrator, and
(iv) provides testimony as a witness in the case.
Second, the Prosecution (Demand) Letter of the Prosecutor
In the prosecution letter, it must outline that the witness-perpetrator has provided significant testimony and evidence, effectively aiding in uncovering the ongoing criminal offense.
Third, Offense Criteria
The granting of JC status applies only to serious criminal offenses, such as:
- corruption crimes,
- terrorism offenses,
- narcotics crimes,
- money laundering crimes (TPPU),
- human trafficking crimes, and
- other organized crimes that pose significant threats to societal stability and security,
which undermine institutions and democratic values, violate ethics and justice, and endanger sustainable development and the rule of law.
Thus, it is understood that the granting of JC status applies only to a witness-perpetrator who:
(i) is involved in specific criminal offenses,
(ii) has participated in the commission of the crime, and
(iii) demonstrates cooperation during the trial, thereby enhancing the effect